{ "article_id": 975, "public_id": "51fb1252-dd3c-4fc4-aa46-030153b168ac", "internal_identifier": null, "source_identifier": "40:35", "status": "published", "type": "research_article", "title": "Biyomimetik Bakış Açısı ile Fütüristik Mimarlık Üzerine Bir İnceleme: John M. Johansen Mimarlığını Anlamak", "title_secondary": null, "abstract": "Yeni teknolojiler ve makineleşme, 20. yüzyılın başlarında İtalya’da ortaya çıkan Fütürizm akımıyla birlikte insanlığın topluma ve onun yaşam alanı olan yapılı çevreye dair öngörülerinin ayrılmaz bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Geçtiğimiz yüzyılda bilim ve teknoloji alanlarındaki gelişmeler, mimarlıktaki gelecek öngörülerini şekillendirmektedir. Öte yandan artan sanayileşmeyle birlikte günümüzde çevre kirliliği ve ekolojik dengenin bozulmasında gelinen nokta, mimarlıkta yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları kullanımı ve doğa dostu tasarım yaklaşımları kaçınılmaz kılmaktadır. Bilim ve teknolojinin mimarlıkta kullanımı bu hedef için yeniden sorgulanmaya başlanmıştır. Bu yaklaşımlardan biri olan “biyomimesis”, doğadaki organizmaların form, fonksiyon, strüktür, hareket, çalışma prensipleri, etkinliği, sürdürülebilirliği ve ekosistem içindeki yeri/ilişkileri gibi pek çok konu başlığını araştırarak insanlığın problemlerine çözüm yolları üretmektedir. Bilim ve teknolojinin yardımı ile yenilikçi fikirler üretebilme potansiyeline sahip olması açısından “doğa esinli” yaklaşımların, bugünün mimari gereksinimleri ile sınırlı kalmayıp, geleceğe yönelik tasarımlarda da belirleyici olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmanın temel motivasyonu biyomimesis ve fütüristik mimarlık arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olup olmadığını sorgulamaktır. Örneklem çalışması olarak John MacLane Johansen’in (d.1916-ö.2012) mimarlığı üzerine odaklanılmıştır. Çalışmada, geçmişten günümüze “doğa esinli” üretilmiş fütüristik mimarlık örnekleri incelendikten sonra Johansen’in tıpkı doğadaki bir bitki gibi tohumdan başlayarak büyüyen, çoğalan ve tasarımcının programlaması ile kullanıcı ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda mekânlar üreten ve kendisinin “nano-mimarlık” olarak nitelendirdiği çalışmaları tartışılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ışığında, fütüristik mimari tasarımların biyomimetik kavramlarla morfolojik yaklaşımın ötesinde bir ilişkisinin olduğu ve Johansen’in doğadaki işleyişi moleküler düzeyde taklit eden mimari yaklaşımlarının bugünün paradigmaları ile tartışmaya değer olduğu görülmüştür.", "language": "tr", "english_title": "A Research on Futuristic Architecture with Biomimetic Perspective: Understanding of John M. Johansen Architecture", "english_abstract": "New technologies and mechanization have become an integral part of humanity's projection of society and its built environment along with the Futurism movement that emerged in Italy in the early 20th century. Innovations in science and technology in the last century have formed the future visions in architecture. On the other hand, the current point of environmental pollution and ecological deterioration as a consequence of increasing industrialization made the usage of renewable energy resources and eco-friendly design approaches in architecture inevitable. The use of science and technology in architecture has begun to be questioned again for this purpose. “Biomimicry” which is one of these approaches, provides solutions to the problems of humanity by investigating many topics such as form, function, structure, movement, working principles, efficiency, sustainability and their places/relations in the ecosystem. It has been thought that, in terms of having the potential to produce innovative ideas with the help of science and technology, biomimetic approaches will not stay limited to today’s architectural requirements, but also be determinant in future design as well. In this context, the main motivation of this study is to question whether there is a meaningful relationship between biomimicry and futuristic architecture. The architecture of John McLane Johansen (b.1916- d.2012) has been focused as a case study. In this study, works of Johansen which were like a plant growing from seed in the nature, programmed by the designer, creating spaces according to the user's needs and called \"nano-architecture\" by himself have been discussed after examining the examples of nature-inspired futuristic architecture from past to present. In the light of obtained data, it has been seen that futuristic architectural designs have a relationship with biomimetic concepts beyond morphological approaches, and Johansen’s architectural approach, which mimics the mechanism of nature at the molecular level, has been found to be worth discussing with today’s paradigms.", "doi": null, "doi_url": null, "resource_url": "https://www.set-science.com/a/51fb1252-dd3c-4fc4-aa46-030153b168ac", "pdf_url": "https://www.set-science.com/a/51fb1252-dd3c-4fc4-aa46-030153b168ac/pdf", "og_image": "https://www.set-science.com/assets/img/og-card-v2.png", "authors": [ { "public_id": "5d005cbe-5c92-4223-a466-432f152891c4", "given": "Ceyhan", "family": "Çakmaklı", "full": "Ceyhan Çakmaklı", "literal": null, "orcid": null, "orcid_url": null, "email": "cakmakli.ceyhan@gmail.com", "corresponding": true, "sequence": "first", "affiliations": [ { "name": "Gazi Üniversitesi  ", "department": null, "country": null, "country_code": null, "ror": null, "ror_url": null } ] }, { "public_id": "f9fb4fec-9fb9-433c-ae4a-0955d1310719", "given": "Semra", "family": "Arslan Selçuk", "full": "Semra Arslan Selçuk", "literal": null, "orcid": null, "orcid_url": null, "email": "cakmakli.ceyhan@gmail.com", "corresponding": false, "sequence": "additional", "affiliations": [ { "name": "Gazi Üniversitesi  ", "department": null, "country": null, "country_code": null, "ror": null, "ror_url": null } ] } ], "keywords": [], "translations": [ { "language": "en", "title": "A Research on Futuristic Architecture with Biomimetic Perspective: Understanding of John M. Johansen Architecture", "abstract": "New technologies and mechanization have become an integral part of humanity's projection of society and its built environment along with the Futurism movement that emerged in Italy in the early 20th century. Innovations in science and technology in the last century have formed the future visions in architecture. On the other hand, the current point of environmental pollution and ecological deterioration as a consequence of increasing industrialization made the usage of renewable energy resources and eco-friendly design approaches in architecture inevitable. The use of science and technology in architecture has begun to be questioned again for this purpose. “Biomimicry” which is one of these approaches, provides solutions to the problems of humanity by investigating many topics such as form, function, structure, movement, working principles, efficiency, sustainability and their places/relations in the ecosystem. It has been thought that, in terms of having the potential to produce innovative ideas with the help of science and technology, biomimetic approaches will not stay limited to today’s architectural requirements, but also be determinant in future design as well. In this context, the main motivation of this study is to question whether there is a meaningful relationship between biomimicry and futuristic architecture. The architecture of John McLane Johansen (b.1916- d.2012) has been focused as a case study. In this study, works of Johansen which were like a plant growing from seed in the nature, programmed by the designer, creating spaces according to the user's needs and called \"nano-architecture\" by himself have been discussed after examining the examples of nature-inspired futuristic architecture from past to present. In the light of obtained data, it has been seen that futuristic architectural designs have a relationship with biomimetic concepts beyond morphological approaches, and Johansen’s architectural approach, which mimics the mechanism of nature at the molecular level, has been found to be worth discussing with today’s paradigms.", "keywords": [ "Fütürizm, biyomimesis, nano mimarlık, ekolojik mimarlık, John McLane Johansen" ] } ], "subjects": [], "subject_names": [], "published_date": "2019-08-19", "published_year": "2019", "received_date": null, "accepted_date": null, "volume": "7", "issue": null, "page_first": "297", "page_last": "303", "article_number": null, "conference": { "short_name": "ISAS2019-FDAS", "full_title": "3rd International Symposium on Innovative Approaches in Scientific Studies (Fine Arts, Design and Architecture)", "name": "3rd International Symposium on Innovative Approaches in Scientific Studies (Fine Arts, Design and Architecture)", "acronym": "ISAS2019-FDAS", "location": "Ankara, Türkiye", "start_date": "2019-04-19", "end_date": null, "public_id": "46e1894e-d8c3-4497-a0af-fc65583fe657" }, "proceedings": { "title": "3rd International Symposium on Innovative Approaches in Scientific Studies (Fine Arts, Design and Architecture)", "series_title": null, "publisher": "SET Technology", "isbn": null, "eisbn": null, "issn": null, "eissn": null, "doi": null, "doi_prefix": null, "slug": "setsci-volume-7-2019-legacy-40", "public_id": "85fb66d3-5b5c-4726-872a-f16f1128c7ca", "url": "https://www.set-science.com/p/setsci-volume-7-2019-legacy-40" }, "license": { "name": "CC BY 4.0", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "code": "CC-BY-4.0", "open_access": true }, "copyright": { "holder": "SET Technology", "year": "2019" }, "funding_statement": null, "funders": [], "references": [ { "order": 1, "raw": "Sant’Elia, A. ve Marinetti, T. 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