About 90% of world trade in transportation of goods is conducted via maritime transportation. An important operation area of maritime cargo transportation is ports. It is necessary to keep these ports secure where information and communication technologies a…
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Introduction. Environmental pollution is a global ecological problem for today. Georgia is no exception. Among the many other contaminants, the environment here poses a serious threat to military wastes left by the former soviet Army, including toxic substan…
Beginning from the 20th. Century, Architectural designs and plans are became more complex because of the increasing of functional needs. This appeared an orientation problem for users of the big complex buildings like hospitals, airport, shopping mall, etc. …
People has learned and has been developing agriculture for years. The surrounding land has become the best way to use as a result of years of observations. Over the centuries, cities have grown significantly and observable changes in land usage come up with …
In the 20th Century the technological developments also caused the change in the building systems as in every area of life. The plate systems, the shell systems, the space-cage systems, structure systems, the pneumatic systems and the cabled systems defined as…
With this work, automation levels of the railway systems will be described as explained in IEC 62290 standard, and then the relationship between these defined levels of Istanbul metro lines will be tried to be explained. In railway systems, the level of automa…